Module 4 The natural elements
Unit 3 Water Festival

Part A Language
I. Words and Expressions
1. turn into 变成
When we boil water ,it turns into steam. 当我们烧水时，它变成蒸气。
2. keep boiling 持续不断煮  keep 后跟动词-ing形式，表示持续做某事
Just keep walking. Then you’ll see a big supermarket. 往前走，你将会看到一个大超市。
3. take the lid off 把盖子揭开，也可说take off the lid，但只能说take it off, 代词要放中间。
Take off clothes 脱衣服
Take the lid off. Let the milk cool. 把盖子揭开。让牛奶冷却。
II. Language Structure
1. 时间状语从句
What happens when ice melts? 当冰融化时，发生什么？
When ice melts, it turns into water. 当冰融化时，它变成水。
2. 加减运算的表达
30 minus 30 equals zero. 30-30=0
50 plus 30 equals 80. 50+30=80 (equal 后要加s)
3. Diving is not allowed. 不允许潜水。
主语由名词或动词-ing形式担当，is allowed 是被动语态
Skateboards are not allowed. 或Riding skateboards is not allowed.
不允许玩滑板。(注意主语与谓语数的一致。)
Not suitable for drinking. 不适合饮用。(for为介词，后跟动词-ing形式。)
4. 表示责怪
What a shame! Why didn’t you tell me earlier? 多可惜！ 你为什么不早点告诉我？
表示鼓励
It doesn’t matter. 没关系。
III. Notes
1. we are all well prepared for it. 我们都已准备充分。
2. You’ve not only learnt how to make delicious drinks, but you’ve also learnt about the three forms of water. 你们不但学了如何做好吃的饮料，而且还学了水的三种形式。(not only…but also 连接两个并且形的句子)
3. I’ve got 3 questions for you to think about. 我有三个问题让你们思考。
4. That sounds quite difficult. 那听起来相当维。（sound 是连系动词后跟形容词作表语）
5. Time is up. 时间到了。
6. Then you’ll know how it(the game) works. 这样你就会知道它（游戏）如何进行。（宾语从句）

Module 4 The natural elements
Unit 2 The wind is blowing

Part A Language
I. Words and Expressions
1. patient  adj. 耐心的；反义词 impatient  adj. 不耐烦的
Teachers must be patient to the students. 老师必须对学生耐心。
2. learn a lesson from 从……中获得教训
Have you learnt a lesson from the traffic accident? 你从这次交通事故中获得教训了吗？
3. finish doing 做完某事，finish 后跟动词-ing形式。
Could I borrow that book when you’ve finished reading reading it? 那本书你读完后借给我好吗？
4. get electricity 获得电
We can get electricity from water energy. 我们从水力得到电。
Get an electric shock 触电
Get hurt 受伤(get 为连系动词，后面可以跟名词或形容词)

II. Language Structure
1. 形容词原级、比较级、最高级
1) 平级my kite is (not) as big as yours. (as …as 构成平级)
2) 比较级My kite is lighter than yours. （-er than 构成比较级）
My kite is more colorful than yours. (more…than 构成比较级)
3) 最高级My kite is the biggest. (-est构成最高级)
My kite is the most beautiful. (most…构成最高级)
2. 人称代词和物主代词
1) 形容词性物主代词 my ,your, his, her, our, their用作形容词，后跟名词。
2) 名词性物主代词mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs用作名词，后不再跟名词。
This is my kite. This kite is mine.
3. 情态动词，后跟动词原形。
We should not fly kites in places along railway lines. 我们不应该在铁轨沿线放风筝。
It may cause an accident. 这可能会引起事故。
What could it be? 它可能是什么？（could比can的语气更为委婉）
III. Notes
1. let me try. 让我试试。
2. let’s see who can get his coat off in the shortest time.
让我们瞧瞧谁能在最短的时间内把他的衣服脱掉。（宾语从句）
3. However, you need to find the right place and fly kites at the right time.
然而，你需要找到合适的地方，在恰当的时间放风筝。

Module 4 The natural elements
Unit 1 Electricity today

Part A Language
I. Words and Expressions
1. heat  v. 加热  heater  n. 加热器
we use the heater to heat the air. 我们用加热器加热空气。
Play  v. 播放  player  n. 播放器
We use the video player to videos. 我们用录像机放录像。
Clean  v. 清洁   cleaner  n. 清洁器
We use the vacuum cleaner to clean our flats. 我们用吸尘器清扫公寓。
2. important  adj. 重要的  importance   n. 重要性
the importance of electricity 电的生要性
electricity is really important in our lives. 电在我们生活中确实是非常的重要。
3. fright  n. 惊骇     frightening  adj. 恐怖的，令人害怕的
something in the wire gave him a fright. 电线里的东西吓了他一跳。
It is frightening to go outside in this weather. 在这样的天气出门很可怕。
4. drive a machine 驱动机器,  drive a car 驾驶汽车。
Electricity is used to drive a machine. 电被用来驱动机器。
5. help us (to) work more efficiently 帮助我们更加高效率地工作。
Printers help us work more efficiently. 打印机帮助我们更加高效率地工作。
6. Save us time doing sth 节省我们做……的时间
fax machines save us time working. 传真机节省我们工作的时间。

II. Language Structure
请求
can you find some information about the Airport Railway? 你能找一些有关机场专线的资料吗？

III. Notes
1. On a dark night, when lightning flashes, what do you see? 在一个漆黑的夜晚，闪电时你能看到什么？
When 引导的是时间状语从句。 On a dark night 相当于one dark night
2. How many kilometers long is the Airport Railway?机场专线有多少千米长？
3. It’s powered by electricity. 它是由电提供动力的。（被动语态）
4. Benjamin Franklin 发现闪电是一种自然的放电现象。
5. 有关电的知识：plug(插头), switch (开关), socket （插座）

Module 3 Change
Unit 4 A more enjoyable school life

Part A Language
I. Words and Expressions
1. in class 在课上 after class 在课后（class 前不加the）
we play games not only after class but also in class. 我们不仅在课后而且在课内也做游戏。
2. interest  n. 兴趣　　interesting 　adj. 有趣的  interested  adj. 感兴趣的
places of interest 旅游胜地
be interested in (一般指某人)对……感兴趣
I am interested in French / collecting stamps. 我对法语／集邮感兴趣。
It is interesting to swim in the sea.
在海里游泳很有趣。(不用interested.注意此处不用-ed结尾的形容词。它指“游泳”是令人感到有趣的。)
3. among  prep. 在……之中，与between 的区别：
a policeman is standing among the people. (among 表示超过两者以上的居间)
we have a break between two classes.（between 表示两者之间）
4. make 的用法
1) 制作，制造
make a time box 做一个时间盒子
make sandwiches 做三明治
make shapes 做成形状
make the nests　筑巢
make him a chocolate cake　为他制作一个巧克力蛋糕（双宾语）
2) 使得
make school life more enjoyable　使得校园生活更愉快（形容词作宾语补足语）
make sick people better　使病人好些(形容词作宾语补足语)
make our city a safe place 使我们的城市成为一个安全的地方（名词作宾语补足语）
3) 其他
make a noise 发出声响
make some changes 做出一些改变
make the bed 铺床
make sure 确信
II. Language Structure
1. 征求意向
A: What change would you like to see? 你想看到什么变化？
B: I’d like to have a swimming pool in our school. 我想在我们学校要有个游泳池。
2. 提出请求
A: Could you make some of these changes yourselves?
你自己能做出一些改变吗？
B: We could move the desks into groups ourselves.
我们可以自己把课桌排成组。（could与can同义，但语气婉转些）
3.It would be+ adj. + to do sth.
It would be impossible to have a swimming pool in our school.
我们学校有个游泳池是不可能的。
Would be 也可换成is,但较之is,前者语气更婉转些.
It’s too hot to run and jump in P.E. lessons in summer. 夏天在体育课上蹦蹦跳跳太热了。
它们都是不定式做主语的句型。（It 为形式主语，代表后面真正的主语——不定式短语。）
4. 反身代词
Mr. Hu’s agreed to organize one more school picnic himself. 胡老师同意他亲自再组织一次学校野餐。（反身代身himself作Mr. Hu的同位语，用以加强语气）
其他反身代词有：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.

III. Notes
Miss Guo wants her students to conduct a survey.
郭老师想要她的学生作一个调查。（want sb to do sth想要某人做某事，不定式to conduct a survey为动词want的宾语补足语。）

Module 3 Change
Unit 3 In the future

Part A Language
I. Words and Expressions
1. sign  n. 标志　　v. 签名
Where can we see this sign?　我们可以在哪里看到这个标志？
Sign here, please. 请在这里签字。
2. discuss  v. 讨论　　　discussion   n. 讨论
Think about the questions on the blackboard and discuss/ have a discussion with your classmates. 考虑一下黑板上的问题，与你的同学讨论一下。
3. necessary  adj. 必要的（反义词unnecessary, 不必要的）
it is necessary/ unnecessary to have a lift in our building. 在我住的大楼里安装电梯是有必要的／没有必要的。
4. take pills 服药
you are only having a cold and don’t have to take any pills. 你只是感冒，不必服药。
5. be able to 能够，与can/could 同义，但较之can /could，它可用于各种时态，且表示经过努力所能够达到的。
He is able to draw Chinese paintings. 他会画国画。
She wasn’t able to fly a light plane then. 那时她不会开轻型飞机。
They will soon be able to repair a fridge. 他们将很快就会修理冰箱。
II. Language Structure
1. 一般将来时：用will＋动词原形表示
Perhaps they will./ won’t live under the sea.
2. 同意和不同意：I (don’t) think so. 我（不）这样认为。
愿望:I hope so /not.　我希望／不希望这样。
3. 宾语从句
I hope that there will be no wars in the world. 我希望世界上没有战争。
I think that I’ll possibly be a policeman. 我认为我可能会成为一名警察。
Do you think (that) people will still use cars?你认为人们还将使用车吗？
动词hope, think 等后面可以跟句子作它的宾语，叫做宾语从句。在这些从句中常会出现一般将来时，尤其是在I hope后。
4. either
perhaps there won’t be enough room for everybody on earth, either.
可能地球上也没有足够的空间。Either表示“也”,用于否定句，肯定句用too。
I don’t like rice dumplings, either.
I like rice dumplings, too.
III. Notes
Write down what you think may happen in twenty years’ time. 写下你认为二十年后可能会发生的事。